Приложение и развитие на титанови тръби с голям диаметър и тръби от титанова сплав за морска употреба
1. Characteristics of marine equipment
① Marine equipment is a large metal building with large tonnage, high investment cost, and large damage losses.
② The system has a complex structure, complete functions, complex and harsh working conditions, high reliability requirements, and difficult construction technology.
③Material life extension is of great significance to ensure the integrity, reliability and safety of marine equipment and structures, and to promote resource protection and sustainable development.
④ Improving the performance of marine equipment mainly involves improving corrosion resistance, lightweighting, application of high-strength and high-toughness materials, reliability and full life cycle product economy.
2. Advantages of titanium alloy pipes
Titanium alloy has a series of important properties such as high melting point, low density, high strength, corrosion resistance, superconductivity, shape memory and hydrogen storage. It is widely used in aviation, aerospace, ships, nuclear power, medical care, chemical industry, metallurgy, electronics, sports In the fields of leisure, construction and other fields, it is known as the "third metal", "air metal" and "ocean metal". Pipes are used for transmission channels of gaseous and liquid media and are basic products in various fields of the national economy. Due to their excellent characteristics of light weight and good corrosion resistance, titanium alloy pipes are widely used in aerospace engines, aerospace vehicles, and oil transportation pipelines. , chemical equipment, marine environment construction and various offshore operating platforms, etc. have a wide range of applications, such as coastal power stations, offshore oil and gas mining and transportation, seawater desalination, marine chemical production, alkali and salt production, petroleum refining equipment, etc., and the prospects are very broad.
The promotion and application of titanium materials is one of the most important technological development directions for shipbuilding and offshore engineering equipment. Titanium alloy pipes have been widely used in ships and marine engineering equipment in developed countries. The extensive use of titanium materials has improved the safety and reliability of the equipment, reduced the size and weight of the equipment, and significantly reduced equipment damage accidents and maintenance times. Greatly extended service life.
3. Processing performance characteristics of titanium alloy pipes
Titanium alloys have low room temperature plasticity and high deformation resistance, but they have good plasticity and low deformation resistance in the α+β two-phase region and β phase region. Therefore, the molding and manufacturing of titanium alloy materials or the preparation of various profiles (plates , rods, tubes, etc.) need to be heated to near the phase change point.
Because titanium alloys are prone to chemical reactions with oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, etc. at high temperatures and are prone to absorb hydrogen, the deformation performance of titanium alloys drops sharply and affects the service performance of the material. In addition, titanium alloys have low thermal conductivity, and when large blanks are heated, they often This results in a large cross-section temperature difference, which can easily lead to cracking during the deformation process; in addition, the temperature range of the deformation zone of titanium alloy is narrow and is sensitive to the strain rate, and generally must be deformed at a lower rate; at the same time, the cooling rate after deformation directly affects its room temperature Therefore, the deformation temperature should be kept constant during the deformation process or measures should be taken to reduce the rate of temperature drop so that it has sufficient plasticity.
At present, titanium used in domestic ship equipment mainly includes: submarine main condenser, titanium alloy torpedo launching water tank, nuclear power pressurized water reactor primary loop system emergency cooler, sonar dome, titanium alloy propeller, diesel engine exhaust duct And sea pipeline system, related pipeline and pump valve system, submersible pressure shell and auxiliary system. Among them, the typical specifications of seawater pipelines are: OD308x4mm, OD285x5mm; the main seawater piping system of the ship: OD12.7~304.8mm.
Because titanium and titanium alloys have low density, corrosion resistance, and high strength, they can greatly reduce the weight of the equipment. Therefore, although titanium and titanium alloys will be more expensive in terms of unit price, after the overall weight of the equipment is reduced, titanium and titanium alloys will The sexual investment will not be too higher than other materials, or even lower than other materials. Titanium and titanium alloy tubes have great application prospects. With the maturity and promotion of high-efficiency, short-process, and low-cost production technologies, many areas where copper and copper alloy tubes are used can be replaced by titanium and titanium alloy tubes.
With the gradual deepening of my country's maritime power strategy, the demand for large-diameter, high-strength and high-corrosion-resistant pipes is increasing in the fields of offshore equipment, offshore oil and gas field exploration and development, and ships. The large-scale production of large-diameter titanium alloy pipes and the industrial promotion and application of high-efficiency, short-process, and low-cost preparation technology will further meet the market's low-cost demand for titanium and titanium alloy products. At the same time, the concentration of the titanium industry is not high at present. All manufacturers should actively cooperate with national standard formulation and design units, universities, downstream users and other related supporting equipment manufacturers to establish a national titanium technology and economic network service platform to form a Join forces to jointly promote the market development of titanium alloys.
